Educational reforms 教育改进 (1973-74): Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863 This particular set of Xinhua photographs on educational reform and what is called "rustication" in the academic literature is a walk-through through various aspects of the later stages of Mao's reeducation program. This program ordained for example that "After graduation from senior middle school, one should first perform some practical work...After performing a few years of work in this way, two more years of study will be sufficient." (Mao Zedong, Dec. 1965*). Exactly three years later, Mao issued a directive arguing that "It is necessary for educated youth to go to the countryside to be reeducated by the poor and lower-middle peasants." (Mao Zedong, Dec. 22, 1968**) <br/>This gallery vividly demonstrates not only middle school children visiting factories, but also how minorities (the Wa &amp; Tibetans) and the underprivileged (children of fishermen's families) were part and parcel of a movement which Suzanne Pepper equates with "the culmination of class struggle". <br/><br/>Note the official photographs of Huang Shuai 黄帅 and Zhang Tiesheng 张铁生 being part of this series. <br/><br/>* Pepper, Suzanne (1996): Radicalism and Education Reform in 20th Century China; Cambridge UP, p.384.<br/>** Pan Yihong (2002): Tempered in the Revolutionary Furnace - China's Youth in the Rustication Movement; Lexington, p.48.<br/><br/>Scanned on the Epson 4990, individually processed in Photoshop. <br/><br/>Thomas H. Hahn<br/>Ithaca, NY en-us (C) Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:09:00 GMT Thu, 24 Jul 2008 16:44:00 GMT Professions People http://hahn.zenfolio.com/img/s9/v2/p86202891-10.jpg Educational reforms 教育改进 (1973-74): Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863 120 84 Leaders at Beijing University engaged in the anti-Lin anti-Kong debate http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e5235A0B

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Leaders at Beijing University engaged in the anti-Lin anti-Kong debate http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e5235A0B Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:30:16 GMT Tibetan minority students at Fudan University engaged in the same debate http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/eA23379B

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Tibetan minority students at Fudan University engaged in the same debate http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/eA23379B Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:29:54 GMT Revolutionary teachers and students 革命师生 producing anti-Lin anti-Kong posters in Zhujiang, Guangdong http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e722CB1

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Revolutionary teachers and students 革命师生 producing anti-Lin anti-Kong posters in Zhujiang, Guangdong http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e722CB1 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:28:09 GMT Instruction of future cadres 干训班 at the Central Minority Institute 中央民族学院 in Beijing http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/eE1554EB

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Instruction of future cadres 干训班 at the Central Minority Institute 中央民族学院 in Beijing http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/eE1554EB Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:29:33 GMT Marxist education for workers, peasants, soldiers and faculty at Jilin University's Physics dept. http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e1E1FFE88

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Marxist education for workers, peasants, soldiers and faculty at Jilin University's Physics dept. http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e1E1FFE88 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:11:40 GMT Workers, peasants and soldiers being instructed by faculty in the electrical eng. dept. of Tongji U. http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/eF7D2AD3

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Workers, peasants and soldiers being instructed by faculty in the electrical eng. dept. of Tongji U. http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/eF7D2AD3 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:27:42 GMT A faculty member of Huazhong Agricultural College instructing lower peasants (Hubei, Xinzhou) http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/eF39E238

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) A faculty member of Huazhong Agricultural College instructing lower peasants (Hubei, Xinzhou) http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/eF39E238 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:30:06 GMT Zhang Tiesheng 张铁生 in his classroom at the Veterinary Dept. of the Liaoning Agricultural College http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/eA8ECBED

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Zhang Tiesheng 张铁生 in his classroom at the Veterinary Dept. of the Liaoning Agricultural College http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/eA8ECBED Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:30:49 GMT Workers, peasants and soldiers from 12 minorities studying together at Xinjiang University 新疆大学 http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e193C97C6

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Workers, peasants and soldiers from 12 minorities studying together at Xinjiang University 新疆大学 http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e193C97C6 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:28:55 GMT Students of the Wa minority 佤族 at the Minority Studies College in Kunming, Yunnan http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e1FB0B07B

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Students of the Wa minority 佤族 at the Minority Studies College in Kunming, Yunnan http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e1FB0B07B Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:29:10 GMT Calculus class for students and teachers at the 4th Middle School, Mianzhu city (Liaoning province) http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e19F7B1F3

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Calculus class for students and teachers at the 4th Middle School, Mianzhu city (Liaoning province) http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e19F7B1F3 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:28:39 GMT Students of the 41st Middle School in Harbin visiting a factory as part of their curriculum http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e13454819

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Students of the 41st Middle School in Harbin visiting a factory as part of their curriculum http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e13454819 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:17:44 GMT Lower and middle peasants being instructed in administration (Wei county, Hebei province) http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e1F5932C3

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Lower and middle peasants being instructed in administration (Wei county, Hebei province) http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e1F5932C3 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:27:22 GMT Urban university students and rural middle school teachers together tackling educational reform http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e2177EB7

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Urban university students and rural middle school teachers together tackling educational reform http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e2177EB7 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:15:47 GMT Female Red Guard campaigning against Kongzi and Mengzi's theory of the "born genius" 天才论 (Hangzhou) http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e273F699

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Female Red Guard campaigning against Kongzi and Mengzi's theory of the "born genius" 天才论 (Hangzhou) http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e273F699 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:13:41 GMT Young Red Soldier Huang Shuai 红小兵黄帅 at the 1st elementary school in Beijing's Zhongguancun district http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e10A71464

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Young Red Soldier Huang Shuai 红小兵黄帅 at the 1st elementary school in Beijing's Zhongguancun district http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e10A71464 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:23:55 GMT Training of "barefoot doctors" 赤脚医生 at Jiangxi's Jiujiang Public Hygiene College 九江卫生学校 http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e16A117D8

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Training of "barefoot doctors" 赤脚医生 at Jiangxi's Jiujiang Public Hygiene College 九江卫生学校 http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e16A117D8 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:26:11 GMT Conducting class on boats for the sons and daughters of fishermen's families on Hainan Island http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e1653E0D8

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Conducting class on boats for the sons and daughters of fishermen's families on Hainan Island http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e1653E0D8 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:22:35 GMT Instructing pastoral farmers on issues of sheep raising in Gansu Province http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e9A8F61A

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Instructing pastoral farmers on issues of sheep raising in Gansu Province http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e9A8F61A Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:19:34 GMT Second-year high school students reading their essays to members of a commune in Dayi, Sichuan http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e1498B4A0

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Second-year high school students reading their essays to members of a commune in Dayi, Sichuan http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e1498B4A0 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:25:13 GMT The Peoples Liberation Army instructing students of the Beijing 13th Middle School in land surveying http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/eB5F0BE3

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) The Peoples Liberation Army instructing students of the Beijing 13th Middle School in land surveying http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/eB5F0BE3 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:21:11 GMT Official release note for this set of photographs http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e1EC8B878

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]]> th.hahn@gmail.com (Thomas H. Hahn Docu-Images) Official release note for this set of photographs http://hahn.zenfolio.com/p733311863/e1EC8B878 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 05:10:17 GMT